In the frame of scaling-up Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART) Strategies for health system strengthening are now more actively promoted. It is already clear that building capacity and achieving strong management at the different levels of the system are time-consuming processes that do not respect limited, programmatic timeframes. Furthermore, some lessons learned can be identified: these include financial absorption limitations, the need for strict alignment, the advantages of scaling up from within a well established district led response, the importance of integrating HIV planning into health sector planning at the levels closet to service delivery, monitoring health system’s performance and the predictable, consistent nature of the support that countries shall require in this endeavour in the very long term. An update provided for SDC by the Swiss Tropical Institute. (pdf)

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